Pool players have likely noticed the small markings, known as diamonds or sights, that line the rails of every pool table. While they may seem purely decorative, these diamonds actually serve an important strategic purpose. Learning the diamond system can significantly improve your skill at bank shots, kick shots, positioning, and more.
This guide will explain everything you need to know about the diamond system, from what the diamonds are to how to use them to master key pool shots. With a bit of practice, you’ll be running the table and wowing your friends in no time.
What Are the Diamonds on a Pool Table?
The diamonds, also called sights or aiming points, are inlaid markings spaced at regular intervals along the rails of any regulation pool table. They help players accurately measure angles and align shots by providing fixed reference points on the rails.
Diamonds have been used in billiards for over a century, with the first known diamond system patented in 1913. Today, nearly all pool tables feature diamond markings.
On a standard 9-foot pool table, there are:
- 18 diamonds total
- 3 diamonds between each pocket
- 9 diamonds along each long rail
- 4 diamonds along each short rail
The diamonds follow a consistent spacing:
- 12.8 inches between diamonds on the long rails
- 10.4 inches between diamonds on the short rails
This proportional spacing is key – it allows the geometry of the table to work for diamond system aiming.
How Do You Use the Diamonds on a Pool Table?
Simply having diamonds on the rails doesn’t improve your game. You need to understand the geometry and math behind the diamond system to use them effectively.
Here are the key steps to implementing the diamond system:
Number the Diamonds
To track diamond locations, assign each one a number:
- Start numbering at one corner pocket as diamond #1
- Number diamonds sequentially up to #9 on the long rails
- Number diamonds up to #4 on the short rails
You can also number halfway points between diamonds (e.g. 2.5, 3.5) for added precision.
Visualize Lines Between Diamonds
The lines between corresponding diamonds on opposite rails divide the table into a grid of parallel and perpendicular sections.
Calculate Cue Ball Paths
Use the diamond’s positions and angles to determine how the cue ball will travel when it hits a rail. The outgoing angle equals the incoming angle.
Aim Your Shot
Use the expected cue ball path to determine the optimal striking point to pocket the object ball.
Using the Diamonds for Common Pool Shots
Once you understand the basics, you can apply the diamond system to specific pool shots:
Bank Shots
Bank shots bounce the cue ball or object ball off a rail into a pocket. The diamonds help aim the correct rebound angle.
To bank a straight shot, aim for the diamond on the opposite rail in line with your target pocket. The ball will rebound at the same angle it strikes the rail.
Kick Shots
Kick shots bounce the cue ball off one or more rails before striking the object ball. The diamonds assist in aiming the cue ball’s bounce off the cushions.
For simple kick shots, aim for the diamond halfway between the object ball and cue ball to calculate the angle.
Positioning Shots
The diamond grid maps out paths along the table. Know where your cue ball will travel after striking the object ball.
Practice visualization – imagine shooting from one diamond to another to pocket a ball in a certain pocket.
Combination Shots
Use diamonds to align combination shots and predict the path of the balls after collision.
Aim for the diamond that will pocket the object ball after it hits the desired second ball.
Advanced Diamond Systems
As you improve, advanced diamond systems provide new tools for your shot repertoire:
Parallel Shift System
This system aims bank shots by shifting the object ball’s path parallel to the cue ball’s path. Calculate the shift using the diamonds.
Three Rail System
Follow this method to pocket balls using the cue ball’s rebound off three rails. It requires only simple math.
Plus System
This technique maps out paths for multi-rail kick shots based on the diamond’s numbered values and cue ball position.
Tips for Practicing the Diamond System
Consistent practice is the only way to master the diamond system. Try these training tips and drills:
- Set up shots using specific diamonds as target points
- Focus on one type of shot like banks or kicks
- Visualize diamond paths before every shotattempt
- Change cue ball speed, spin, and striking point to observe effects
- Practice on multiple tables – each will play slightly differently
Pay attention to how speed, spin, and table friction affect your diamond system accuracy. Adjust your aim as needed.
Common Diamond System Questions
How Are the Diamonds Spaced on a Pool Table?
Diamonds are spaced 12.8 inches apart on the long rails and 10.4 inches apart on the short rails. This 2:1 ratio is vital for the geometry.
What’s the Best Way to Number the Diamonds?
Starting in one corner and numbering sequentially around the table is the most common approach. Just be consistent.
How Do You Aim Using the Diamond System?
Visualize paths between diamonds to determine angles. Pick your striking point to send the cue ball on that desired path.
Do You Have to Call Shots When Using Diamonds?
No – diamonds are just for aiming and aligning shots. Call shot rules still apply as normal when diamonds are used.
How Does Speed Affect Diamond System Accuracy?
Faster shots flatten out the cue ball’s rebound angle off rails. Slower shots increase the rebound angle. Adjust your aim accordingly.
Conclusion
Learning the pool table diamond system requires patience, practice, and an understanding of the geometry and physics involved. But mastering diamonds will rapidly improve your ability to calculate angles, visualize paths, and pocket balls precisely.
Start by learning the basics, from numbering diamonds consistently to visualizing grid lines. Then apply the concepts to bank shots, kick shots, and combination shots. Consistent practice is key – be ready to put in the time necessary to develop true diamond system skills.
The diamonds on the rails may seem subtle, but they actually provide a wealth of guidance once you understand them. Unlock their secrets and watch your game rise to a whole new level.
